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Composite nanofiber mats (HA/TiO2) consisting of hydroxyapatite (HA) and titania (TiO2) were fabricated via an electrospinning technique and then collagen (type I) was immobilized on the surface of the HA/TiO2 composite nanofiber mat to improve tissue compatibility. The structure and morphology of the collagen‐immobilized composite nanofiber mat (HA/TiO2‐col) was investigated using an X‐ray diffractometer,...
Three‐dimensional biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds play important roles in tissue engineering. In this study, fibrous mats composed of electrospun poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/small intestine submucosa (SIS) tubes were fabricated with a high degree of longitudinal alignment as a conduit for peripheral nerves. Fourier transform infrared analyses of electrospun PCL/SIS mats with various amounts...
Hyaluronan (HA)‐based biomaterials are of interest for bone and cartilage tissue engineering because HA plays an important role in orthopedic tissue development, function, and repair. The goal of this project was to develop a biomaterial that incorporated the constituents of both a hydrogel and a hydrophobic polymer for biomedical applications. A series of amphiphilic graft copolymers consisting of...
Biological processes, such as thrombus organization, endothelialization, and foreign body response, that occur following embolization of intracranial aneurysms are poorly understood. We examined 13 human aneurysms (retrieved at autopsy 1–74 days postembolization) treated with hybrid hydrogel‐platinum coil devices and platinum coils. The specimens were embedded in methyl methacrylate and ground sections...
We report the first preliminary study on metal‐alloy ureteral stent after long indwelling times. The aim is to analyze by physical–chemical characterization of the stent after use and to evaluate the material performance in this human in vivo case study. Six Resonance® metallic stents (Cook Ireland) were inserted in six patients for 6, 10, 11, 12, 24, and 36 months. The stents were then collected...
The titanium‐manganese (TiMn) alloys have been extensively used in aerospace and hydrogen storage. In this study, the TiMn alloys with various manganese contents ranging from 2 to 12 wt % were prepared by using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques. The microstructures, mechanical properties including hardness, elastic modulus and ductility, cytotoxicity and cell proliferation...
To more effectively manage the substantial bleeding encountered during surgical procedures in oto‐rhino‐laryngology, we developed a novel hemostatic sponge made of pharmaceutical grade, chemically cross‐linked gelatin. The sponge is characterized by a high pore density, reduced ligaments, and a high nanoscale roughness of lamella surfaces in the matrix. In vitro blood uptake assays revealed a very...
Dimethacrylate dental composite resins exhibit inherently low toughness. Toughening of these materials may reduce the incidence of marginal and bulk fracture of composite restorations.
Objective: To determine if dimethacrylate dental restorative materials can be rubber‐toughened, and if so, to identify a possible mechanism.
Methods: A filler composed of aggregates of polybutadiene/silica as well as...
This study utilized spectral and thermal analysis of explanted hernia mesh materials to determine material inertness and elucidate reasons for hernia mesh explantation. Composite mesh materials, comprised of polypropylene (PP) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) mesh surrounded by a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ring, were explanted from humans. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted...
Zirconia‐based ceramics with high strength have been identified as a material of choice for sliding components in a variety of biomedical and engineering applications. Despite the high flexural strength, zirconia prostheses are still vulnerable to wear and surface damage. We hypothesize that such tribological damage may be substantially mitigated by an engineered grading of elastic modulus at the...
Recently, we developed a novel method to fabricate a nerve guide conduit (NGC) with asymmetrical pore structure and hydrophilicity using poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) and Pluronic F127 by a modified immersion precipitation method. From the animal study using a rat model (sciatic nerve defect of rat), we recognized that the unique PLGA/Pluronic F127 tube provided good environments for nerve...
Zirconia (ZrO2) is a bioinert, strong, and tough ceramic, while titania (TiO2) is bioactive but has poor mechanical properties. It is expected that ZrO2‐TiO2 mixed ceramics incorporate the individual properties of both ceramics, so that this material would exhibit better biological properties. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the biocompatibility properties of ZrO2‐TiO2 mixed ceramics...
Suture needles are essential instruments for performing blood vessel anastomosis in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeries. Exceptional needle performance is needed now as never before because of the increasing prevalence of elderly patients with advanced stages of coronary disease and calcified tissue. The various properties that affect the performance of suture needles used in CABG surgery...
Because of their unique geometry, characterization of wear damage in total disc replacement (TDR) is difficult. In the article, we developed and validated an automated damage calculation technique for explanted TDR components. Eight polyethylene cores implanted from 4.6 to 16.0 years were using cone‐beam microCT imaging (SCANCO Medical, Switzerland). The nominal uniform voxel size for the implant...
Technical development for an efficient coating of bioactive materials improves the characteristics of a fully functional implant. The aim of this study was to investigate the osteoinductive effect of a newly developed hydroxyapatite (HA)‐coating technique using aerosol deposition without post‐heat treatment [room temperature (RT) group] on the titanium (Ti) dental implant in vitro and in vivo, compared...
Background: Frequently provisional restorations require long‐term permanence in the oral cavity, thus an antibacterial effect is desirable. We hypothesized that this effect may be achieved by incorporating polyethyleneimine (PEI) nanoparticles into provisional cements. Methods: The nanoparticles antibacterial effect incorporated at 0.5%, 1%, and 2% w/w into provisional cement, was studied in vitro...
P‐15 is a synthetic 15‐amino acid residue identical to the cell binding domain of type I collagen. P‐15 can be adsorbed onto anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABM) and will enhance cell attachment and subsequent cell activation. Although ABM/P‐15 has been studied as a bone graft substitute in the oral cavity, its use in orthopedic models has been limited. Thus, this study investigated the efficacy of...
Tissue adhesives are a valuable alternative for mechanical tissue fixation by sutures or staples. Adhesives are desirable in body regions where damage and bleeding must be avoided. Tissue adhesives provide easy and fast handling. This study reports the development of a tissue adhesive based on 1,2‐ethylene glycol bis(dilactic acid) (ELA) functionalized with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) to produce...
Silicon‐substituted hydroxyapatite (Si‐HA) coatings have been plasma sprayed over titanium substrates (Ti‐6Al‐4V) aiming to improve the bioactivity of the constructs for bone tissue repair/regeneration. X‐ray diffraction analysis of the coatings has shown that, previous to the thermal deposition, no secondary phases were formed due to the incorporation of 0.8 wt % Si into HA crystal lattice. Partial...
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was conjugated to three organic fluorescent probes, 5‐(4,6‐Dichloro‐s‐triazin‐2‐ylamino)fluorescein hydrochloride (DTAF), Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC), and Lucifer yellow VS (LY). The protein sorption profile to one pHEMA‐based (etafilcon A) and three silicone hydrogel (SH) contact lens types (lotrafilcon B, balafilcon A and senofilcon A) was determined using confocal...
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